Concentric Zone Theory by E.W. Burgess

The concentric zone scheme or model of urban landuse was propounded by E.W. Burgess, an American urban sociologist in the year 1925 on the basis of study of American cities in general and Chicago in particular. Burgess concept was first published as, ‘The growth of the city: an introduction to a research project’ – a chapter in the book “The city” written with R.E. Park in 1925. It is known as concentric zone model or zonal theory of urban landuse pattern. It is one of the earliest theoretical models to explain urban social structures. It is also the earliest descriptive urban landuse model which divided cities in a set of concentric circles expanding from the down town to the suburbs. It is based on the concept that the development of a city takes place outwards from its central area, to form a series of concentric zones. According to Burgess there are five concentric zones showing different types of landuses. They are –

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